RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES · One-liners

1 Target-group / area-based — Years / Dominant Approach?

Years: 1952-1980; Dominant Approach: CDP, IADP, IRDP — "deliver subsidy + asset"

2 Wage + self-employment + asset — Years / Dominant Approach?

Years: 1980-2005; Dominant Approach: JRY, PMRY, SGSY, IAY, Bharat Nirman

3 Rights + Mission + Convergence — Years / Dominant Approach?

Years: 2005-Date; Dominant Approach: MGNREGA, NRLM, PMAY-G, ADP/ABP, VVP

4 1st FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1951-56; RD Thrust: CDP, NES

5 2nd FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1956-61; RD Thrust: Mahalanobis — industry; rural via cooperatives

6 3rd FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1961-66; RD Thrust: IADP, Green Revolution seeds

7 4th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1969-74; RD Thrust: SFDA, MFAL, DPAP

8 5th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1974-79; RD Thrust: Garibi Hatao, MNP, 20-Point

9 6th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1980-85; RD Thrust: IRDP, NREP, RLEGP launch

10 7th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1985-90; RD Thrust: JRY framework, watershed

11 8th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1992-97; RD Thrust: PMRY launch, decentralisation post-73rd

12 9th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 1997-02; RD Thrust: SGSY (1999), SGRY, IAY scaled

13 10th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 2002-07; RD Thrust: Bharat Nirman, NREGA Act 2005

14 11th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 2007-12; RD Thrust: NRHM, RKVY, NRLM (Aajeevika) launch

15 12th FYP — Years / RD Thrust?

Years: 2012-17; RD Thrust: DDU-GKY, PMAY-G, PMGSY-III

16 National Extension Service (NES)?

companion programme launched 2 October 1953, treated as the bridge to CDP.

17 Right-based law?

guarantees 100 days of unskilled manual wage employment per financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer.

18 Companion scheme: Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETI)?

at least one per district — run by sponsor banks.

19 Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF)?

created 1995-96, financed by shortfall in priority-sector lending by SCBs. RIDF Tranche XXXI for FY 2025-26 with corpus ₹40,000 crore (largest annual corpus).

20 Regional Rural Banks Act 1976?

RRBs incorporated 2 October 1975 following Narasimham Working Group 1975 report.

21 Phase-I — Period / RRBs reduced from to?

Period: 2005-2010; RRBs reduced from to: 196 82

22 Phase-II — Period / RRBs reduced from to?

Period: 2012-2014; RRBs reduced from to: 82 56

23 Phase-III — Period / RRBs reduced from to?

Period: 2019-2021; RRBs reduced from to: 56 43

24 Phase-IV — Period / RRBs reduced from to?

Period: Effective 1 May 2025; RRBs reduced from to: 43 28

25 PCARDBs / SCARDBs?

for investment / term loans (now consolidated in some states).

26 Multipurpose PACS, dairy & fishery cooperative societies?

Cabinet approval to create new 2 lakh PACS/Dairy/Fishery cooperatives by 2027.

27 What is Self-Help Group?

is an informal association (typically 10-20 members) of rural poor — usually women — who pool savings, give small loans to each other, build credit history and gradually access bank credit.

28 Balwantrai Mehta Committee (1957) recommended three-tier PRI?

Gram Panchayat Panchayat Samiti Zila Parishad. Implemented first in Rajasthan (2 Oct 1959, Nagaur) then Andhra Pradesh.

29 G.V.K. Rao Committee (1985) and L.M. Singhvi Committee (1986)?

recommended constitutional status.

30 Central Finance Commission grants?

15th FC (2021-26) granted ₹2,36,805 crore to Rural Local Bodies (60% tied to water & sanitation, 40% untied). 16th FC recommendations expected for FY 2026-27.

31 State Finance Commission?

every 5 years.

32 Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS)?

flows directly to PRIs / line departments.

33 Own Source Revenue (OSR)?

property tax, professional tax, water charges (mostly underdeveloped).

34 No separate funds?

convergence of existing CSS + MPLAD funds + CSR + community contribution.

35 Common Service Centres (CSCs)?

~5+ lakh nationwide (as of FY 2025).

36 National Mobile Monitoring System (NMMS)?

mandatory for MGNREGA worksites with >20 workers, from 1 January 2023.

37 Geo-MGNREGA (Bhuvan) + Asset Geo-tagging?

100% mandatory.

38 1 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: MGNREGA Wage Notification FY 2025-26; Date: 27 Mar 2025; Quick Take: National average ₹349 ₹370/day; Haryana ₹400 (highest); hike range 2.33%-7.48%.

39 2 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: PMAY-G Expansion; Date: 21 Mar 2025; Quick Take: 2 crore additional houses for FY 2025-29; outlay ₹3.06 lakh crore; cumulative target 4.95 cr.

40 3 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: One State One RRB; Date: 1 May 2025; Quick Take: 43 RRBs 28 RRBs; 22,000 branches; ~700 districts.

41 4 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: PMGSY-IV; Date: 11 Sep 2024; Quick Take: 62,500 km new roads; 25,000 unconnected habitations; outlay ₹70,125 cr.

42 5 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: Vibrant Villages Programme-II; Date: Apr 2025; Quick Take: ₹6,839 cr; 100% Central Sector; FY 2024-29.

43 6 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: Aspirational Districts dashboard; Date: Continuous; Quick Take: Delta-rank dashboard; >25 crore people impacted.

44 7 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: Aspirational Blocks Programme; Date: 7 Jan 2023; Quick Take: 500 blocks; first phase NQAS target 60% by Mar 2026.

45 8 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: Lakhpati Didi achievement; Date: Reported 2026; Quick Take: ~1.48 crore Didis; revised target 6 crore by March 2029.

46 9 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: DAY-NRLM SHGs; Date: 2026; Quick Take: >90.76 lakh SHGs; >10.05 crore women mobilised.

47 10 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: 15th Finance Commission grants to RLBs; Date: FY 2021-26; Quick Take: ₹2,36,805 crore; SFC/16th FC for 2026-31 underway.

48 11 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: National Cooperative Database; Date: Sep 2023, expanded 2024; Quick Take: ~8 lakh cooperatives mapped.

49 12 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: PMAY-G AWAAS+ 2024 Survey; Date: From 17 Jan 2025; Quick Take: self-survey app for new beneficiaries; SECC 2011 updated.

50 13 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: SBM-G Phase II; Date: Up to FY 2024-25; Quick Take: ODF Plus villages target; converged with PMAY-G.

51 14 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: PM-Surya Ghar (Solar Village component); Date: Feb 2024 onwards; Quick Take: 1 model solar village per district.

52 15 — Update / Date / Quick Take?

Update: National Mission for Natural Farming (NMNF); Date: 25 Nov 2024; Quick Take: ₹2,481 crore; 7.5 lakh ha. natural farming by 2025-26.

53 "1952-1960-1978-1993-1999-2005-2011-2014-2016-2018-2022-2023"?

the date ladder.

54 "60:40 / 90:10 / 100:0"?

cost-sharing tiers (general / NE-Himalayan / UTs without legislature).

55 "112-500-2967"?

Aspirational Districts (112), Blocks (500), Vibrant villages I (2,967).

56 "196-82-56-43-28"?

RRB consolidation 1975 2025.

57 "49-KPI-5-Themes-3Cs"?

ADP architecture.

58 PMRY?

1993 (Ministry of Industry); PMEGP — 2008 (KVIC).

59 73rd Amendment?

Eleventh Schedule has 29 subjects; 74th Amendment Twelfth Schedule has 18.

60 1 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: CDP launched on Gandhi Jayanti 2 Oct 1952.

61 2 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: IADP was nicknamed the "Package Programme" because it bundled HYV+credit+irrigation+extension.

62 3 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: IRDP launched 2 Oct 1978; universalised 2 Oct 1980.

63 4 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: PMRY + REGP merged into PMEGP on 15 Aug 2008.

64 5 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: SGSY restructured into NRLM (Aajeevika) on 3 June 2011.

65 6 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: Haryana ₹400/day after the FY 2025-26 hike (notified 27 Mar 2025).

66 7 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: 2 crore additional + 2.95 crore earlier = 4.95 crore cumulative.

67 8 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: 26 RRBs amalgamated, total reduced 43 28.

68 9 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: PMGSY-IV envisages 62,500 km of new all-weather roads.

69 10 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: VVP-II is a 100% Central Sector Scheme, ₹6,839 cr, 2024-29.

70 11 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: Health & Nutrition and Education each 30%; rest 20/10/10.

71 12 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: 500 Aspirational Blocks across 27 states + 4 UTs.

72 13 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: 73rd Amendment came into force 24 Apr 1993 (National Panchayati Raj Day).

73 14 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: Eleventh Schedule lists 29 subjects (74th's Twelfth Schedule = 18).

74 15 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (c); Why: Government data: 10.05 cr women across 90.76 lakh SHGs.

75 16 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: Lakhpati Didi target = ₹1 lakh annual income.

76 17 — Ans / Why?

Ans: (b); Why: PMAY-G unit cost ₹1.30 lakh for hilly / difficult / IAP / NE / LWE areas.

77 1952?

CDP

78 1960?

IADP

79 1975?

RRBs

80 1978 / 1980?

IRDP launch / universal

81 1982?

NABARD

82 1985?

IAY

83 1992?

73rd Amendment

84 1993?

PMRY

85 1995?

RIDF

86 1999?

SGSY

87 2000?

PMGSY

88 2005?

NREGA / Bharat Nirman

89 2006?

NREGA in force

90 2009?

Rename MGNREGA

91 2011?

NRLM (Aajeevika)

92 2014?

DDU-GKY, SAGY

93 2015?

NITI Aayog, DAY-NRLM rebrand

94 2016?

PMAY-G

95 2018?

Aspirational Districts

96 2021?

Ministry of Cooperation

97 2022?

Vibrant Villages announced

98 2023?

Aspirational Blocks, PACS computerisation

99 2024?

PMGSY-IV, AWAAS+

100 2025?

One State One RRB; VVP-II; PMAY-G expansion; MGNREGA wage hike

101 MGNREGA wages — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: 100%; NE & Himalayan: 100%; UTs: 100%

102 MGNREGA material — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: 75:25; NE & Himalayan: 75:25; UTs: 100%

103 PMAY-G — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: 60:40; NE & Himalayan: 90:10; UTs: 100% (UT without legislature)

104 NRLM — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: 60:40; NE & Himalayan: 90:10; UTs: 100% (UT w/o leg.)

105 DDU-GKY — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: 60:40; NE & Himalayan: 90:10; UTs: 100% (UT w/o leg.)

106 PMGSY (post-2015) — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: 60:40; NE & Himalayan: 90:10; UTs: 100% (UT w/o leg.)

107 VVP-I — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: Centre 90:10 (CSS); NE & Himalayan: 90:10; UTs: 100%

108 VVP-II — General / NE & Himalayan / UTs?

General: 100% Central Sector; NE & Himalayan: 100%; UTs: 100%

One-linersRURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES