DIRECTING & CONTROLLING

Directing is the managerial function of guiding, instructing, and inspiring employees to achieve organizational goals through leadership, communication, motivation, and supervision.

Guiding and leading employees toward achieving organizational goals.

Directing initiates action by guiding people, while controlling measures actual performance against standards and takes corrective action to ensure plans are executed effectively.

Monitoring performance and correcting deviations from set standards.

The four elements of directing are supervision, motivation, leadership, and communication, all of which together guide employees toward achieving organizational objectives.

Inspiring employees to work willingly and effectively toward goals.

Span of control refers to the number of subordinates a manager can effectively supervise; a narrow span means fewer subordinates, while a wide span means more, affecting the organizational hierarchy.

Transmitting information that enables coordinated action and clear guidance.