RFS articles
Fresh articles on syllabus changes, RBI policy moves, and high-yield revision tactics — written for working bankers who study after office hours.
Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs): Buckets and Surcharges
Domestic systemically important banks (D-SIBs) are lenders whose failure would strain the entire Indian financial system because o...
ESG Risk in Banking: Drivers, Regulation and Exam Notes
ESG risk in banking is not a new risk silo sitting beside credit and market risk. It is a set of drivers — environmental, so...
Large Exposure Limits for Banks: RBI's LEF Framework Explained
For any commercial bank, the biggest single threat to solvency rarely comes from a diversified retail book — it comes from one lar...
Longevity Risk in Pension Funds: Impact, Measurement, Mitigation
Longevity risk in pension funds is the risk that people live longer than the mortality assumptions used to fund their retirement b...
Custodian Risk in Financial Services: IIBF RFS Guide
Custodian risk in financial services is the risk that a bank holding securities and cash for clients fails in its job. It may fail...
Settlement Risk in Payment Systems: RTGS, DvP and CCIL
Settlement risk in payment systems is the risk that one leg of a transaction is paid or delivered while the other leg fails, leavi...
Persistency Risk in Life Insurance: Lapses and Surrender Value
Persistency risk in life insurance is the risk that policyholders stop paying renewal premiums long before the insurer has earned...
Risk in Stock Broking Operations: Margins and Controls (IIBF RFS)
A broking firm earns a thin, high-volume spread and carries an obligation that is anything but thin. That asymmetry is why risk in...
Reputational Risk in Financial Services: Drivers & Framework
Reputational risk in financial services rarely shows up on a balance sheet. Yet it can wipe out more shareholder value in a week t...
Underwriting Risk in General Insurance: Pricing and Reserving (IIBF RFS)
If you remember one idea from this topic, make it this: underwriting risk in general insurance is not a single number, it is the c...
Solvency Margin for Insurers: IRDAI Norms, RSM and ASM Explained
Every insurance company in India must hold assets that exceed its liabilities by a legally fixed cushion, and the solvency margin...
Liquidity Risk Management in NBFCs: LCR, ALM and 2026 Rules
For CAIIB Risk in Financial Services candidates, liquidity risk management in NBFCs is the topic examiners keep coming back to bec...